The Princeton School of Public and International Affairs (formerly the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs) is a professional

public policy school A public policy school is typically a university program that teaches students policy analysis, policy studies, public policy, political economy, urban planning, public administration, international relations, security studies, political science, ...

Princeton University Princeton University is a private research university in Princeton, New Jersey. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and one of the ...

. The school provides an array of comprehensive coursework in the fields of international development, foreign policy,

science Science is a systematic endeavor that Scientific method, builds and organizes knowledge in the form of Testability, testable explanations and predictions about the universe. Science may be as old as the human species, and some of the earli ...

and

technology Technology is the application of knowledge to reach practical goals in a specifiable and Reproducibility, reproducible way. The word ''technology'' may also mean the product of such an endeavor. The use of technology is widely prevalent in me ...

, and

economics Economics () is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Economics focuses on the behaviour and interactions of economic agents and how economies work. Microeconomics analyzes ...

and finance through its undergraduate (AB) degrees, graduate

Master of Public Affairs The master of public affairs (M.P.Aff., M.P.A. or MPA) is a master-level professional degree offered in public policy schools that provides training in public policy and the operation of government. Courses required for this degree educate stud ...

(MPA),

Master of Public Policy The Master of Public Policy (MPP), is one of several public policy degrees. An MPP is a master's-level professional degree that provides training in policy analysis and program evaluation at public policy schools. The MPP program places a focu ...

(MPP), and PhD degrees. The school is consistently ranked as one of the best institutions for the study of international relations and public affairs in the country and in the world. ''Foreign Policy'' ranks the Princeton School as No. 2 in the world for

International Relations International relations (IR), sometimes referred to as international studies and international affairs, is the scientific study of interactions between sovereign states. In a broader sense, it concerns all activities between states—such a ...

at the undergraduate and No. 4 at the graduate level, behind the

Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service Edmund is a masculine given name or surname in the English language. The name is derived from the Old English elements ''ēad'', meaning "prosperity" or "riches", and ''mund'', meaning "protector". Persons named Edmund include: People Kings ...

at Georgetown University.

History

In 1930, Princeton University established the School of Public and International Affairs, which was originally meant to serve as an interdisciplinary program for undergraduate students in Princeton's liberal arts college. In 1948, the school added a graduate professional program and was renamed to honor

Woodrow Wilson Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856February 3, 1924) was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the president of ...

, who was the 13th president of the university, governor of

New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware ...

and the 28th president of the United States. In two of Wilson's speeches at the university – first during its 150th anniversary celebration in 1896 and again at his inauguration as the university's president in 1902 – he mentioned "Princeton in the nation's service." This phrase serves as the basis for the university's unofficial motto, which was amended in 2016 to "Princeton in the nation's service and in the service of humanity." In 2015, student protesters forced Princeton to reconsider having the school named after Wilson due to his racist views, of which they disapproved. The protesting efforts were largely due to the organizational efforts of the Black Justice League. The protesting efforts happened due to the organizational measures of the Black Justice League. Despite the group no longer existing, faculty and new student activists plea for the university to apologize to the original members to recognize the BJL's perseverance. Those The Wilson Legacy Review Committee ultimately decided to keep his name attached to the school, noting that, like many other notable figures from American history, Wilson had a "complex legacy of both positive and negative repercussions". On June 26, 2020, following the eruption of

George Floyd protests The George Floyd protests were a series of protests and civil unrest against police brutality and racism that began in Minneapolis on May 26, 2020, and largely took place during 2020. The civil unrest and protests began as part of internat ...

and the resurgence of the

Black Lives Matter Black Lives Matter (abbreviated BLM) is a decentralized political and social movement that seeks to highlight racism, discrimination, and racial inequality experienced by black people. Its primary concerns are incidents of police br ...

movement, the Princeton University board of trustees decided to rename the Woodrow Wilson School the "Princeton School of Public and International Affairs," citing Wilson's "racist thinking and policies

hat A hat is a head covering which is worn for various reasons, including protection against weather conditions, ceremonial reasons such as university graduation, religious reasons, safety, or as a fashion accessory. Hats which incorporate mecha ...

make him an inappropriate namesake for a school or college whose scholars, students, and alumni must stand firmly against racism in all its forms." It was also announced that Wilson College, the first of Princeton's six undergraduate residential colleges, will be renamed First College. Woodrow Wilson opposed admitting African-American students to Princeton, and introduced racial segregation into the

United States federal civil service The United States federal civil service is the civilian workforce (i.e., non-elected and non-military public sector employees) of the United States federal government's departments and agencies. The federal civil service was established in 1871 ...

as president.

Founding

On February 23, 1930, the front page of ''The Sunday New York Times'' announced:

Princeton Founds Statesmen's School – Institution Will Train Youths for Public Life and Will Stress Internationalism – Hoover Hails The Project. De W.C. Poole Quits Diplomatic Service to Be Its Liaison Officer With World Affairs. The establishment of a school of public and international affairs at Princeton University was announced today by President John Grier Hibben in his annual message to the National Alumni Association. The school's primary purpose is to train young men for public life and to equip them—and others—with a broad sense of "the fundamentals of citizenship."

President Hibben made the announcement in Nassau Hall, "where in 1783 George Washington received the thanks of the Continental Congress for his conduct of the Revolutionary War."

DeWitt Clinton Poole DeWitt Clinton Poole (1885–1952) was an American intelligence officer. He served as U.S. Consul General in Moscow, and acted as America's spymaster in Revolutionary Russia. 1918 Ambassadors plot to assassinate Lenin Poole arrived in Moscow i ...

, a noted foreign service officer and "until recently counselor of the United States Embassy in Berlin" had been the prime advocate for the creation of the school. The next year, in August 1931, the Fédération Interalliée Des Anciens Combattants (FIDAC), the most influential international veterans association of the interwar period (representing nine million

Allied An alliance is a relationship among people, groups, or states that have joined together for mutual benefit or to achieve some common purpose, whether or not explicit agreement has been worked out among them. Members of an alliance are called ...

veterans), chose Princeton to receive its educational medal for promoting world peace and understanding. From 2012 to 2021, Cecilia Rouse served as dean of the Princeton School until her confirmation as Chair of the

Council of Economic Advisors The Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) is a United States agency within the Executive Office of the President established in 1946, which advises the President of the United States on economic policy. The CEA provides much of the empirical resea ...

under the Biden Administration.

Academics

Undergraduate program

The school stresses a multidisciplinary approach to policy studies with undergraduate students at the Princeton School taking courses in at least four disciplines including economics, history, politics, psychology, sociology, and science policy. In their junior year, students must enroll in and complete a Policy Task Force, which addresses a specific public policy issue. Students conduct research, propose recommendations, and issue final reports. Students are also allowed to work towards certificates in an array of fields, including Global Health and Health Policy,

Urban Studies Urban studies is based on the study of the urban development of cities. This includes studying the history of city development from an architectural point of view, to the impact of urban design on community development efforts. The core theoretica ...

, and the History and the Practice of Diplomacy.

Master's degrees

The two-year MPA program prepares students for international and domestic policy careers. All second-year MPA students must complete a Policy Workshop, which emphasizes policy implementation. Through the graduate policy workshops, students conduct field-based research and present their research and recommendations to clients. Students also develop analytical and quantitative skills through coursework emphasizing the political, economic, and behavioral aspects of complex policy issues. MPA candidates may select one of four fields of concentration: *

* International Development *

Domestic Policy Domestic policy is a type of public policy overseeing administrative decisions that are directly related to all issues and activity within a state's borders. It differs from foreign policy, which refers to the ways a government advances its inter ...

* Economics and Public Policy The one-year MPP program is designed for mid-career professionals, PhD research scientists, lawyers, and physicians who are involved in international and domestic public policy.

Doctoral degrees

The PhD in public affairs focuses on two research areas: security studies; and science, technology and environmental policy. The school works with other departments at the university to offer a joint degree program that combines work in a social science with a multidisciplinary perspective on economics problems. Graduate students also have the opportunity to pursue certificates in demography; health and health policy; science, technology and environmental policy; and urban policy/urban policy and planning. In addition to the MPA, MPP and PhD degrees, the school offers a four-year MPA/J.D. program, and has formal joint degree arrangements with law schools at

Columbia University Columbia University (also known as Columbia, and officially as Columbia University in the City of New York) is a private research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhatt ...

New York University New York University (NYU) is a private research university in New York City. Chartered in 1831 by the New York State Legislature, NYU was founded by a group of New Yorkers led by then- Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin. In 1832, th ...

and

Stanford University Stanford University, officially Leland Stanford Junior University, is a private research university in Stanford, California. The campus occupies , among the largest in the United States, and enrolls over 17,000 students. Stanford is consider ...

. Students often refer to the Princeton School by its colloquial abbreviation, "SPIA". The school also offers a joint degree program (JDP) in social policy, allowing students to take courses in the departments of politics, psychology, sociology, and economics.

Robertson Hall

In 1961, Charles '26 and Marie Robertson provided a gift to expand the graduate school. Their gift funded the construction of the School's current home, designed by

Minoru Yamasaki was an American architect, best known for designing the original World Trade Center in New York City and several other large-scale projects. Yamasaki was one of the most prominent architects of the 20th century. He and fellow architect Edward ...

, who also designed New York's original

World Trade Center World Trade Centers are sites recognized by the World Trade Centers Association. World Trade Center may refer to: Buildings * List of World Trade Centers * World Trade Center (2001–present), a building complex that includes five skyscrapers, a ...

. To the north of the building is James FitzGerald's ''Fountain of Freedom'' (1966). "Before construction could begin n Robertson the building that had housed the School since 1952, then called Woodrow Wilson School Annex, had to be relocated." In May after two months of preparation, "the 3-story, L-shaped, 7,000,000-pound building was moved 296 feet in 12 hours by 38 men and 9 hydraulic jacks..." The Annex, renamed Corwin Hall, subsequently housed the department of political science and Center of International Studies. The new structure, completed in the fall of 1965, was originally named Woodrow Wilson Hall, but was "renamed Robertson Hall in 1988 to honor its benefactors" and as President Goheen characterized upon its completion, was "a fit embodiment and expression of the high aspiration we hold for the PIA" In approximately 2005, the SPIA established the Bernstein Gallery in Robertson Hall. The gallery "presents art exhibitions to stimulate thinking about contemporary policy issues and to enable understanding the world beyond the power of words. Each year, six curated shows are presented ... and ... are complemented by ... panel discussions with experts from Princeton University, the School and outside organizations." The exhibits are "...Integrated with the School's multidisciplinary approach ... to enhance the impact of the course curriculum and to deepen people's commitment to the ideals of public service." A retrospective of political art was held in 2017. The lower level lobby and gallery are named for Marver Bernstein, SPIA's first dean and his wife, Sheva. Bernstein participated in Robertson's architectural selection process and his wife, an interior designer, participated in its mid-century modern interior. In 2012, the Princeton University Art Museum announced the installation of the "Circle of Animals/Zodiac Heads" exhibit by Chinese artist

Ai Weiwei Ai Weiwei (, ; born 28 August 1957) is a Chinese contemporary artist, documentarian, and activist. Ai grew up in the far northwest of China, where he lived under harsh conditions due to his father's exile. As an activist, he has been openly c ...

on Scudder Plaza. In 2019–2020 Robertson Hall underwent a major renovation of its "offices, work areas, and gathering spaces" to provide more open, collaborative spaces. The exterior, auditorium, and lower-level classrooms were largely unchanged. On October 5th, 2019, the University dedicated a memorial marker, named Double Sights, on the west side of the Fountain of Freedom. Designed by 2019

MacArthur Fellow The MacArthur Fellows Program, also known as the MacArthur Fellowship and commonly but unofficially known as the "Genius Grant", is a prize awarded annually by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation typically to between 20 and 30 indi ...

and Gish Prize winner

Walter Hood Walter J. Hood (born 1958, Charlotte, NC) is an American professor and former chair of landscape architecture at the University of California, Berkeley, and principal of Hood Design Studio in Oakland, California. In 2019, Hood was awarded the MacA ...

, the memorial was meant to catalyze “stimulus to reflection and an invitation to dialogue" about the controversial legacy of

. The marker is a 39-foot statue consisting of a white column and a black column, coated in stone-like glass engraved with quotes displaying both the honorable and racist aspects of Wilson's legacy. The marker was the product of a recommendation by a 2015 University committee to create a “permanent marker” that “educates the campus community and others about the positive and negative dimensions of Wilson’s legacy.”

Centers and programs

The Princeton School has 19 unique centers and programs: * Bendheim-Thoman Center for Research on Child Wellbeing (CRCW) * Center for Arts and Cultural Policy Studies (CACPS) * Center for Health and Wellbeing (CHW) *

Center for Information Technology Policy The Center for Information Technology Policy (CITP) at Princeton University is a leading interdisciplinary research center, dedicated to exploring the intersection of technology, engineering, public policy, and the social sciences. Faculty, stu ...

(CITP) * Center for International Security Studies (CISS) * Center for the Study of Democratic Politics (CSDP) * China and the World Program (CWP) * Education Research Section (ERS) * Innovations for Successful Societies (Institutions for Fragile States) * Julis-Rabinowitz Center for Public Policy and Finance (JRC) * Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination (LISD) * Niehaus Center for Globalization and Governance (NCGG) *

Office of Population Research The Office of Population Research (OPR) at Princeton University is the oldest population research center in the United States. Founded in 1936, the OPR is a leading demographic research and training center. Recent research activity has primarily f ...

(OPR) * Princeton Survey Research Center (SRC) * Program in Law and Public Affairs (LAPA) * Program in Science, Technology, and Environmental Policy (STEP) * Program on Science and Global Security (SGS) * Research Program in Development Studies (RPDS) * Research Program in Political Economy (RPPE) PolicyNet is a network of prominent public policy schools around the world, founded in 2005 as a joint venture between the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs and the

Centre for International Governance Innovation The Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI, pronounced "see-jee") is an independent, non-partisan think tank on global governance. CIGI supports research, forms networks, advances policy debate and generates ideas for multilateral ...

for interaction and collaboration on issues of common interest, curricular programs, joint research projects and other activities. The school is a full member of the

Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs The Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs (APSIA) is a non-profit educational organization of graduate schools of international affairs, with 40 members and 26 affiliates around the world. Starting as a network of Americ ...

(APSIA), a group of schools of public policy, public administration, and international studies.

Notable alumni

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, television journalist * Steve Adler, Mayor of

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* Samuel Alito, associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States *

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, dean and president of

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, journalist *

Jeremy Ben-Ami Jeremy Ben-Ami (born 1962) is the President of J Street, a liberal advocacy organization in the United States dedicated to promoting American leadership to end the Arab-Israeli and Israel-Palestinian conflicts peacefully and diplomatically. He ...

, former domestic policy adviser to President

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and president of the Pro-Israel, Pro-Peace lobby,

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, former White House Chief of Staff; former director of the

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under

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, former

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from

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, former

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* Simon Carcagno, professional rower for the U.S. National team *

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, former Secretary of Defense * Dick Cass (1968), president of the

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from 2004 to 2022 * Barbara Cassani, founder of

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and leader of London's successful bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics *

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, judge of the

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* Edward F. Cox, lawyer *

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, former

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, former director of the

under

* Joseph Fichera, founder and CEO of Saber Partners, auction rate securities expert. *

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, former U.S. Senator from

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, former

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* Robert L. Gordon III, former U.S. Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Military Community and Family Policy *

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, author of ''

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'' * Michael Huerta, administrator of the

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, former managing director of the 2002 Winter Olympics held in

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and Democratic "wise man" * Robert L. Johnson, founder of

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, former

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, founder of Teach for America *

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, former president of Peru *

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(1993–1997) *

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, U.S. Representative for New Jersey's 7th District * David J. Lane, U.S. Ambassador and former philanthropy executive * William Lynn, former

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, former Under Secretary of the Treasury for International Affairs * Mike McCurry, former White House Press Secretary under

* Jeff Merkley, U.S. Senator from

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, former

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History

Founding

Academics

Undergraduate program

Master's degrees

Doctoral degrees

Robertson Hall

Centers and programs

Notable alumni

Faculty

Controversy

References

External links